Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-Related Concepts
Christopher R. Brigham
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Waqas A. Buttar
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Mark Bucksbaum
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James B. Talmage
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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health care and holds immense potential for various fields, including the medical field, but it also brings its share of concerns and issues. This article introduces AI and its core concepts, such as deep learning, machine learning, and large language models (LLMs). It also provides examples that were generated using ChatGPT to highlight the use of prompts and the limitations of LLMs in AI. AI is a powerful paradigm for scientific research, and it can and does reduce work effort and enhance results. However, is it the right tool for the selected task? In addition, no matter how powerful, AI is meant to complement humans and does not replace them.

Contributor Notes

In preparation for part of this article, OpenAI's chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) was accessed in September 2023 to research issues. The authors wrote the content. The accuracy of key concepts was assessed by peers and by ChatGPT-4 on October 6, 2023. ChatGPT-4 and Anthropic Claude 2 were used in September 2023 to produce the examples.

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