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Abstract
Humans interpret and react to symptoms. We only seek care for a symptom when it becomes a concern.1 Variation in symptom intensity and magnitude of capability relates more to unhelpful thoughts, feelings of worry and despair regarding symptoms, and feelings of insecurity around role and livelihood (mental and social health opportunities) than pathophysiology.2 Work claims are meant to address pathology that results from injury. Injuries have predictable recovery trajectories. When the recovery trajectory seems off track, consider pre-existing non-trauma pathology and mental and social health opportunities. Appropriate management of new pathology under the work claim and pre-existing pathology and mental and social health opportunities outside the work claim, along with a supportive environment that anticipates these aspects of normal human illness behavior, can help people get and stay healthy in the context of workers' compensation.
- Abstract
- EDITORIAL COMMENT
- Introduction
- What Happens to People in a Work Claim?
- Designing a Better System
- Manifestations of Mental and Social Health in Daily Practice
- Biomedical Paradigm
- Biopsychosocial Paradigm
- Problems With the Legal (Policy) Framework of Workers' Compensation
- Strategies for Comprehensive, Whole-Person Care Within a Work Claim
- References
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1.
Kim KW, Han JW, Cho HJ, et al. Association between comorbid depression and osteoarthritis symptom severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 Mar 16;93(6):556–563. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01344.
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2.
Furlough K, Miner H, Crijns TJ, et al. What factors are associated with perceived disease onset in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis? J Orthop. 2021 Aug;26:88–93. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2021.07.013.
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3.
Lemmers M, Versluijs Y, Kortlever JTP, et al. Misperception of disease onset in people with gradual-onset disease of the upper extremity. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020 Dec 16;102(24):2174–2180. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.00420.
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4.
Miner H, Rijk L, Thomas J, et al. Mental-health phenotypes and patient-reported outcomes in upper-extremity illness. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 Aug 4;103(15):1411–1416. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.01945.
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5.
Mallette P, Zhao M, Zurakowski D, et al. Muscle atrophy at diagnosis of carpal and cubital tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg Am. 2007 Aug;32(6):855–858. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.03.009.
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6
van Hoorn BT, Wilkens SC, Ring D. Gradual onset diseases: misperception of disease onset. J Hand Surg Am. 2017 Dec;42(12):971–977.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.07.021.
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7.
Lentz TA, George SZ, Manickas-Hill O, et al. What general and pain-associated psychological distress phenotypes exist among patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2020 Dec;478(12):2768–2783. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000001520.
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Jayakumar P, Overbeek CL, Lamb S, et al. What factors are associated with disability after upper extremity injuries? A systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2018;476(11):2190–2215. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000000427.
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9.
Jayakumar P, Teunis T, Vranceanu AM, et al. Early psychological and social factors explain the recovery trajectory after distal radial fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020 May 6;102(9):788–795. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.19.00100.
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10.
Vranceanu A-M, Bachoura A, Weening A, et al. Psychological factors predict disability and pain intensity after skeletal trauma. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Feb 5;96(3):e20. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.L.00479.
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11.
Liu TC, Leung N, Edwards L, et al. Patients older than 40 years with unilateral occupational claims for new shoulder and knee symptoms have bilateral MRI changes. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017 Oct;475(10):2360–2365. doi: 10.1007/s11999-017-5401-y.
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12.
Bossen JKJ, Hageman MGJS, King JD, et al. Does rewording MRI reports improve patient understanding and emotional response to a clinical report? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Nov;471(11):3637–3644. doi: 10.1007/s11999-013-3100-x.
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13.
Vranceanu A-M, Jacobs C, Lin A, et al. Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Toolkit for Optimal Recovery (TOR): a live video program to prevent chronic pain in at-risk adults with orthopedic injuries. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2019 Feb 20;5:30. doi: 10.1186/s40814-019-0416-7.
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14.
Dekker A-B, Teunis T, Schipper I, et al. Development of a short form of the Negative Pain Thoughts Questionnaire (NPTQ). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 Mar 3;103(5):439–444. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.00571.
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15.
Bot AGJ, Vranceanu A-M, Herndon JH, et al. Correspondence of patient word choice with psychologic factors in patients with upper extremity illness. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Nov;470(11):3180–3186. doi: 10.1007/s11999-012-2436-y.
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16.
Wilkens SC, Lans J, Bargon CA, et al. Hand posturing is a nonverbal indicator of catastrophic thinking for finger, hand, or wrist injury. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2018 Apr;476(4):706–713. doi: 10.1007/s11999.0000000000000089.
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17.
Versluijs Y, Moore MG, Ring D, et al. Clinician facial expression of emotion corresponds with patient mindset. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2021 Sep 1;479(9):1914–1923. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000001727.
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18.
Souer JS, Buijze G, Ring D. A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing occupational therapy with independent exercises after volar plate fixation of a fracture of the distal part of the radius. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 Oct 5;93(19):1761–1766. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.J.01452.
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19.
Hopewell S, Keene DJ, Marian IR, et al. Progressive exercise compared with best practice advice, with or without corticosteroid injection, for the treatment of patients with rotator cuff disorders (GRASP): a multicentre, pragmatic, 2 × 2 factorial, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2021 Jul 31;398(10298):416–428. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00846-1.
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20.
Crijns TJ, Brinkman N, Ramtin S, et al. Are there distinct statistical groupings of mental health factors and pathophysiology severity among people with hip and knee osteoarthritis presenting for specialty care? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2021 Nov 24;480(2):298–309. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000002052. Epub ahead of print.
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