Since its inception more than six decades ago, the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, (AMA Guides), has become internationally accepted as a global benchmark and is used in the United States, Canada, certain European countries, the Middle East, Australia, New Zealand, and Southern Africa, as well as by the United Nations. When the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, adopted the terminology and conceptual framework of disablement developed by the World Health Organization, this paradigm shift let to an increase in the worldwide influence and use of the AMA Guides. In the United States, the AMA Guides is used primarily in state and federal workers’ compensation systems and sometimes in automobile casualty and personal injury arenas. Most workers’ compensation jurisdictions across Canada use the AMA Guides formally by statute or regulation, or they accept its use informally as a standard tool to rate impairment. In Australia, the AMA Guides is used in both federal and individual state or territory compensation schemes for personal injuries that arise from work, as well as motor vehicle accidents (a table presents uses of the AMA Guides in Australian jurisdictions). New Zealand uses the AMA Guides, Fourth Edition, and the ACC User Handbook to the AMA “Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment,” Fourth Edition. The AMA Guides is used in Hong Kong to evaluate all types of damages for personal injury claims and also is referenced in Southern Africa, Europe, and countries in the Middle East.
Ranavaya MI. Physician's Guide to Medicolegal Practice. Chicago: American Medical Association; 2019.
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United Nations General Assembly Resolution 61/276, sixty-third session, agenda item 132, 17 November 2008, Administrative and budgetary aspects of the financing of the United Nations peacekeeping operations, Comprehensive review of the compensation of death and disability benefits—Para 7 refers to the AMA Guides Sixth Edition use.
World Health Organization. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: ICF. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2001.
State-by-State Use of the AMA Guides. Guides Newsletter. September/October 2019.
Brigham CR, Richardson E. Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act: Use of the AMA Guides. Guides Newsletter. March/April 2018.
Brigham CR. Body member impairments: scheduled awards and the Federal Employee's Compensation Act. Guides Newsletter. September/October 2010.
Government of Ontario. O. Reg. 34/10: Statutory Accident Benefits Schedule – Effective September 1, 2010, under Insurance Act, R. S. O. 1990, c I.8. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/100034. Accessed Mar 3, 2020.
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Australian Government Comcare. Guide to the Assessment of the Degree of Permanent Impairment – Edition 2.1 of the Guide. https://www.comcare.gov.au/Forms_and_Publications/publications/services/claims/claims/guide_to_assess_of_the_degree_of_perm_impair. Accessed Mar 3, 2020.
WorkCover Queensland. Guidelines for the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. https://www.worksafe.qld.gov.au/medical/resources/guidelines-evaluation-permanent-impairment. Accessed Feb 5, 2020.
New South Wales Government. NSW Workers Compensation Guidelines for the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. https://www.sira.nsw.gov.au/resources-library/workers-compensation-resources/publications/health-professionals-for-workers-compensation/workers-compensation-guidelines-for-the-evaluation-of-permanent-impairment. Accessed Feb 5, 2020.
Government of South Australia. Return to Work Scheme: Impairment Assessment Guidelines. https://www.rtwsa.com/media/documents/Impairment-assessment-guidelines.pdf. Accessed Feb 5, 2020.
WorkCover WA. WorkCover WA Guidelines for the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. Fourth Edition (Dec 2016). https://www.workcover.wa.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/December-2017-WA-Guidelines-web-New-dual-logo.pdf. Accessed Feb 5, 2020.
WorkCover Tasmania. Guidelines for the Assessment of Permanent Impairment. Version 3 (1 Oct 2011). https://worksafe.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/542687/Guidelines-for-the-Assessment-of-Permanent-Impairment-Version-3.pdf. Accessed Feb 5, 2020.
Parmegiani J, Lovell D, Skinner Y, Milton R. Psychiatric impairment rating scale. (Sydney NSW, Australia; 2001). http://www.cmspecialists.com.au/wp-content/uploads/PIRS.pdf. Accessed Feb 3, 2020.
Australian Government. Federal Register of Legislation. Social Security Act 1991; Amended Act No. 88, 2017. https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2017C00332. Accessed Feb 3, 2020.
Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs. Guide to the Assessment of Rates of Veterans' Pensions. Fifth Edition. https://www.dva.gov.au/documents-and-publications/guide-assessment-rates-veterans-pensions. Accessed Feb 3, 2020.
ACC. Impairment Assessment of Lump Sum Compensation and Independent Allowance: Operational Guidelines (V2.0; Oct 2019). https://www.acc.co.nz/assets/contracts/imp-og.pdf. Accessed Feb 6, 2020.
ACC. The ACC User Handbook to the AMA “Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment” 4th edition. https://www.acc.co.nz/assets/provider/fe092baf01/acc716-ama4-handbook.pdf. Accessed Mar 3, 2020.
Road Accident Fund. Serious injury assessment. https://www.raf.co.za/Claims/Pages/Serious-Injury-Assessment.aspx. Accessed Feb 6, 2020.
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