Chapter 17: The Spine and Pelvis

Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1990; Mar;72(3):403–8.

Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1990; Mar;72(3):403–8.)| false
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American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1999.

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Anagnostis C, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ, Proctor TJ. The million visual analog scale: its utility for predicting tertiary rehabilitation outcomes. Spine. 2003;28(10):1051–1060.

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Anagnostis C, Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG. The pain disability questionnaire: a new psychometrically sound measure for chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Spine. 2004;29(20):2290–2302; discussion 2303.

Anagnostis C, Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG. The pain disability questionnaire: a new psychometrically sound measure for chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Spine. 2004;29(20):2290–2302; discussion 2303.)| false
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Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, Patronas NJ, Wiesel SW. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1990; Mar;72(3):403–8.

Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, Patronas NJ, Wiesel SW. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1990; Mar;72(3):403–8.)| false
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Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The Oswestry Disability Index. Spine. 2000;25(22):2940–52; discussion 2952.

Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The Oswestry Disability Index. Spine. 2000;25(22):2940–52; discussion 2952.)| false
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Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG, Theodore BR. The pain disability questionnaire: relationship to one-year functional and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16(1):75–94.

Gatchel RJ, Mayer TG, Theodore BR. The pain disability questionnaire: relationship to one-year functional and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16(1):75–94.)| false
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Jensen MC, Brant-Zawadski MN, Obuchwki N, et al.Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:69–73.

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Lowery WD Jr, Horn TJ, Boden SD, Wiesel SW. Impairment evaluation based on spinal range of motion in normal subjects. J Spinal Disord. 1992;5(4):398–402.

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Lyle MA, Manes S, McGuinness M, Ziaei S, Iversen MD. Relationship of physical examination findings and self-reported symptom severity and physical function in patients with degenerative lumbar conditions. Phys Ther. 2005;85(2):120–33.

Lyle MA, Manes S, McGuinness M, Ziaei S, Iversen MD. Relationship of physical examination findings and self-reported symptom severity and physical function in patients with degenerative lumbar conditions. Phys Ther. 2005;85(2):120–33.)| false
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Nattrass CL, Nitschke JE, Disler PB, Chou MJ, Ooi KT. Lumbar spine range of motion as a measure of physical and functional impairment: an investigation of validity. Clin Rehabil. 1999;13(3):211–218.

Nattrass CL, Nitschke JE, Disler PB, Chou MJ, Ooi KT. Lumbar spine range of motion as a measure of physical and functional impairment: an investigation of validity. Clin Rehabil. 1999;13(3):211–218.)| false
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Nitschke JE, Nattrass CL, Disler PB, Chou MJ, Ooi KT. Reliability of the American Medical Association Guides' model for measuring spinal range of motion; its implication for whole-person impairment rating. Spine. 1999;24(3):262–268.

Nitschke JE, Nattrass CL, Disler PB, Chou MJ, Ooi KT. Reliability of the American Medical Association Guides' model for measuring spinal range of motion; its implication for whole-person impairment rating. Spine. 1999;24(3):262–268.)| false
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Parks KA, Crichton KS, Goldford RJ, McGill SM. A comparison of lumbar range of motion and functional ability scores in patients with low back pain: assessment for range of motion validity. Spine. 2003;28(4):380–384.

Parks KA, Crichton KS, Goldford RJ, McGill SM. A comparison of lumbar range of motion and functional ability scores in patients with low back pain: assessment for range of motion validity. Spine. 2003;28(4):380–384.)| false
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Rubinstein SM, Pool JJ, van Tulder MW, Riphagen II, de Vet HC. A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of provocative tests of the neck for diagnosing cervical radiculopathy. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(3):307–319.

Rubinstein SM, Pool JJ, van Tulder MW, Riphagen II, de Vet HC. A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of provocative tests of the neck for diagnosing cervical radiculopathy. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(3):307–319.)| false
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Sullivan MS, Dickinson CE, Troup JD. The influence of age and gender on lumbar spine sagittal plane range of motion: a study of 1126 healthy subjects. Spine. 1994;19(6):682–686.

Sullivan MS, Dickinson CE, Troup JD. The influence of age and gender on lumbar spine sagittal plane range of motion: a study of 1126 healthy subjects. Spine. 1994;19(6):682–686.)| false
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Valkenburg HA, Haanan HCN. The epidemiology of low back pain. In: White A III, Gordon SL., Symposium of Idiopathic Low Back Pain, St. Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 1982;9–22.

Valkenburg HA, Haanan HCN. The epidemiology of low back pain. In: White A III, Gordon SL., Symposium of Idiopathic Low Back Pain, St. Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 1982;9–22.)| false
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Zuberbier OA, Hunt DG, Kozlowski AJ, et al.Commentary on the American Medical Association Guides' lumbar impairment validity checks. Spine. 2001;26(24):2735–2737.

Zuberbier OA, Hunt DG, Kozlowski AJ, et al. Commentary on the American Medical Association Guides' lumbar impairment validity checks. Spine. 2001;26(24):2735–2737.)| false
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Zuberbier OA, Kozlowski AJ, Hunt DG, et al.Analysis of the convergent and discriminant validity of published lumbar flexion, extension, and lateral flexion scores. Spine. 2001;26(20):472–478. Page intentionally left blank.

Zuberbier OA, Kozlowski AJ, Hunt DG, et al. Analysis of the convergent and discriminant validity of published lumbar flexion, extension, and lateral flexion scores. Spine. 2001;26(20):472–478. Page intentionally left blank. )| false
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