Chapter 16: The Lower Extremities
- Introduction
- 16.1 Principles of Assessment
- 16.2 Diagnosis-Based Impairment
- 16.3 Adjustment Grid and Grade Modifiers—Non-Key Factors
- 16.3a Adjustment Grid—Functional History
- 16.3b Adjustment Grid—Physical Examination
- 16.3c Adjustment Grid—Clinical Studies
- 16.3d Impairment Calculation Methodology
- 16.3e Lower Extremity Examples
- Example 16-1: Contusion
- Example 16-2: Plantar Fasciitis
- Example 16-3: Ankle Instability
- Example 16-4: Bimalleolar Fracture
- Example 16-5: Ankle Arthritis
- Example 16-6: S/P Total Ankle Replacement With Poor Result
- Knee Impairment Examples (see Table 16-3, Knee Regional Grid)
- Hip Impairment Examples (see Table 16-4, Hip Regional Grid)
- 16.3f Combining and Converting Impairments
- 16.4 Peripheral Nerve Impairment
- 16.5 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Impairment
- 16.6 Amputation Impairment
- 16.7 Range of Motion Impairment
- 16.8 Summary
- 16.9 Appendix 16–A: Lower Limb Questionnaire
- Bibliography
-
Affatato S, Toni A. Leg length measurement: a new method to assure the correct leg length in total hip arthroplasty. Med Eng Phys. 2000;22(6):435–439.
-
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Outcomes instruments and information. Available at: http://www.aaos.org/research/outcomes/outcomes_lower.asp. Accessed Sept 7, 2007.
-
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Lower limb outcomes questionnaire. Available at: http://www.aaos.org/research/outcomes/Lower_Limb.pd. (Scoring available at: http://www.aaos.org/research/outcomes/Lower_LimbScoring.xls.) Accessed Sept 7, 2007.
-
American Orthopaedic Association. Manual of Orthopaedic Surgery. Rosemont, Ill: American Orthopaedic Association; 1966.
-
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Text Rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
-
Anderson G. Hip assessment: a comparison of nine different methods. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1972;54B:621–625.
-
Barth RJ, Haralson R. Differential diagnosis for complex regional pain syndrome. Guides Newslett. September-October 2007.
-
Bruehl S, Harden RN, Galer BS, et al.External validation of IASP diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome and proposed research diagnostic criteria. Pain. 1999;81:147–154.
-
Buchbinder R. Plantar fasciitis. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(21):2159–2166.
-
Callaghan JJ, Dysart SH, Savory CF, Hopkinson WJ. Assessing the results of hip replacement: a comparison of five different rating systems. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1990;72B:1008–1009.
-
Feagin JA. The ACL-deficient knee. In: Feagin JA, Applewhite LB, eds. The Crucial Ligaments: Diagnosis and Treatment of Ligamentous Injuries about the Knee. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1994:4–6.
-
Feagin JA. Principles of diagnosis and treatment. In: Feagin JA, Applewhite LB, eds. The Crucial Ligaments: Diagnosis and Treatment of Ligamentous Injuries About the Knee. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1994:9–26.
-
Galer BS, Bruehl S, Harden RN. IASP diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome: a preliminary empirical validation study. Clin J Pain. 1998;14:48–54.
-
Gerhardt JJ. Documentation of Joint Motion. 4th ed. Portland, Ore: ISOMED Inc; 1994.
-
Gross AE, McDermott AGP, Lavoie MV, et al.The use of allograft bone in revision hip arthroplasty. In: Brand R, ed. Proceedings of the Fourteenth Open Scientific Meeting of the Hip Society. St Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 1987:49.
-
Harris AH. Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and acetabular fractures: treatment by mold arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969;51A:741–742.
-
Harden RB, Bruehl S, Stanton-Hicks M, Wilson PR. Proposed new diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Med. 2007;8(4):326–331.
-
Insall JN, Dorr LD, Scott RD. Rationale of the Knee Society clinical rating system. Clin Orthop. 1989;248:14.
-
Kelly MA, Insall JN. Clinical examination. In: Insall JN, Windsor RE, Scott WN, et al, eds. Surgery of the Knee. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1993:63–82.
-
Larson RL. Clinical evaluation. In: Larson RL, Grana WA, eds. The Knee: Form, Function, Pathology, and Treatment. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1993:73–102.
-
Lea RD, Gerhardt JJ. Current concepts review: range-of-motion measurements. J Bone Joint Surg. 1995;77A:784–798.
-
Luck JV, Beardmore TD, Kaufman R. Disability evaluation in arthritis. Clin Orthop. 1987;221:59–67.
-
Lysholm J, Gillquist J. Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale. Am J Sports Med. 1982;10:150–154.
-
Marshall JL, Fetto JF, Botero PM. Knee ligament injuries: a standardized evaluation method. Clin Orthop. 1977;123:115–129.
-
Moseley JB, O'Malley K, Petersen NJ, et al.A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(2):81–88.
-
Ranawat C, Shine JJ. Duo-condylar total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1973;94:188–189.
-
Riddle DL, Pulisic M, Pidcoe P, Johnson RE. Risk factors for plantar fasciitis: a matched case-control study. Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85-A(5):872–877.
-
Sabharwal S, Zhao C, McKeon JJ, McClemens E, Edgar M, Behrens F. Computed radiographic measurement of limb-length discrepancy: full-length standing anteroposterior radiograph compared with scanogram. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(10):2243–2251.
-
Tegner Y, Lysholm J. Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries. Clin Orthop. 1985;198:43–49.
-
Terjesen T, Benum P, Rossvoll I, Svenningsen S, Fløystad Isern AE, Nordbø T. Leg-length discrepancy measured by ultrasonography. Acta Orthop Scand. 1991;62(2):121–124.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Full Text Views | 151 | 151 | 16 |
